DBA Tips Archive for Oracle. Building an Inexpensive Oracle RAC 1. R2 on Linux - (RHEL 5). Jeff Hunter, Sr. Database Administrator. NOTE: For the Standard Features shipped in the "Factory Integrated Models", please see the "Configuration Information - Factory Integrated Models" section. Device Id Chip Description Vendor Id Vendor Name; 0x00333: Spitfire VGA Accelerator: 0x0033: Paradyne Corp. 0x68001: Hauppage Nova -TD-500 DVB-T Tuner Device. Get instant insight on any electronic component. Automate your workflow. Build Your Own Oracle RAC 11g Cluster on Oracle Linux and iSCSI by Jeffrey Hunter. Learn how to set up and configure an Oracle RAC 11g Release 2 development cluster. ![]() ![]() Contents. Introduction. Oracle RAC 1. 1g Release 2 allows DBA's to configure a cluster database solution. However, DBA's who want to become more familiar with the features and. RAC cluster costing in the range of US$1. US$2. 0,0. 00. This cost would not even include the heart of a production RAC configuration. In most cases, this would be a Storage Area Network (SAN). US$1. 0,0. 00. Unfortunately, for many shops, the price of the hardware required for a. RAC configuration exceeds most training budgets. For those who want. Oracle RAC 1. 1g without a major cash outlay. Oracle RAC 1. 1g Release 2 system using commercial off- the- shelf. US$2,8. 00. The system will consist of a two node cluster, both running Linux. Cent. OS 5. 5 for x. Oracle RAC 1. 1g Release 2 for Linux x. ASMLib 2. 0. All shared disk storage for Oracle RAC will be based on. Openfiler release 2. Network Storage Server). This guide is provided for educational purposes only, so the. For example, the. Oracle Clusterware files (OCR and voting files) and all physical. RAID). In addition, each Linux node will only be configured with two network. Oracle RAC private interconnect "and" the network. SCSI access (eth. For a production RAC. Gigabit. (or more) with redundant paths and "only" be used by Oracle to. Cluster Manager and Cache Fusion related data. A third. dedicated network interface (eth. Gigabit network for access to the network storage server. Openfiler). In addition to this guide, please see the following extensions to this. Oracle RAC. Oracle Documentation. While this guide provides detailed instructions for successfully installing a. Oracle RAC 1. 1g system, it is by no means a substitute for. Oracle documentation (see list below). In addition to this. Oracle documents to gain a full. Oracle RAC 1. 1g. Oracle's official documentation site is. Network Storage Server. Powered by r. Path Linux. Network Attached Storage (NAS) and block- based Storage Area Networking (SAN) in a single framework. The entire software stack interfaces with open source. Apache, Samba, LVM2, ext. Linux NFS and i. SCSI Enterprise Target. Openfiler combines these ubiquitous technologies into a small, easy to manage solution. Openfiler supports CIFS, NFS, HTTP/DAV, FTP, however, we will only be making use of its. SCSI capabilities to implement an inexpensive SAN for the shared storage components. Oracle RAC 1. 1g. The operating system (r. Path Linux) and the Openfiler. SATA disk. A second internal 7. GB 1. 5K SCSI. hard disk will be configured as a single. The Openfiler server will be configured to. SCSI based storage and will be used in our Oracle RAC 1. Oracle Grid Infrastructure and the Oracle RAC database. Oracle Grid Infrastructure 1. Release 2 (1. 1. 2). With Oracle Grid Infrastructure 1. Release 2 (1. 1. 2). Automatic Storage Management (ASM) and Oracle Clusterware. Grid Infrastructure home. You must install the Grid Infrastructure in order to use Oracle RAC 1. Release 2. Configuration assistants start after the installer interview process that. ASM and Oracle Clusterware. While the installation of the combined products is called Oracle Grid Infrastructure. Oracle Clusterware and Automatic Storage Manager remain separate products. After Oracle Grid Infrastructure is installed and configured on both nodes in the cluster. Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC). Oracle RAC nodes. In this article, the Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC software. Job Role Separation configuration. One OS user will. Oracle software product —. Oracle Grid Infrastructure owner. Oracle RAC software. Throughout this article. Oracle Grid Infrastructure binaries is called the. This user will own both the Oracle Clusterware and. Oracle Automatic Storage Management binaries. The user created to own the Oracle. Oracle RAC) will be called the oracle user. Both Oracle software. Oracle Inventory group (oinstall) as their primary group. Oracle software installation owner can write to the central inventory. Inventory), and so that OCR and Oracle Clusterware resource permissions are. The Oracle RAC software owner must also have the OSDBA group and the. OSOPER group as secondary groups. Assigning IP Address. Prior to Oracle Clusterware 1. Release 2, the only method available for. IP addresses to each of the Oracle RAC nodes was to have the network administrator. IP addresses in DNS — never to use DHCP. This would include the public IP address for the node, the RAC interconnect, virtual IP address (VIP). Release 2, the. Single Client Access Name. SCAN) virtual IP address(s). Oracle Clusterware 1. Release 2 now provides two methods for assigning IP addresses. Oracle RAC nodes. Assigning IP addresses dynamically using. Grid Naming Service. GNS) which makes use of DHCP. The traditional method of manually assigning static IP addresses in. Domain Name Service. DNS). Assigning IP Addresses Dynamically using Grid Naming Service (GNS). A new method for assigning IP addresses was introduced in. Oracle Clusterware 1. Release 2 named Grid Naming Service (GNS). VIP addresses to be dynamically assigned using DHCP. GNS and DHCP are key elements to Oracle's new Grid Plug and Play (GPn. P). feature that, as Oracle states, eliminates per- node configuration. GNS enables a dynamic Grid Infrastructure. All name resolution requests for the cluster within a sub- domain delegated. DNS are handed off to GNS using multicast Domain Name Service (m. DNS). included within the Oracle Clusterware. Using GNS eliminates the need for. IP addresses and name resolution and is especially advantageous in. While assigning IP addresses using GNS certainly has its benefits and. IP addresses. it does come at the cost of complexity and requires components not defined in. For example, activating GNS in a cluster requires a DHCP server. Oracle RAC. The example Oracle RAC configuration described in this guide will. IP addresses in. To learn more about the benefits and how to configure GNS, please see. Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation Guide 1. Release 2 (1. 1. 2) for Linux. Assigning IP Addresses Manually using Static IP Address - (The DNS Method). If you choose not to use GNS, manually defining static IP addresses is still. Oracle Clusterware 1. Release 2 and will be the method. Oracle Clusterware networking components. IP address for the node, RAC interconnect, virtual IP address, and. SCAN virtual IP). It should be pointed out that previous to Oracle 1. Release 2. the need for DNS in order to successfully configure Oracle RAC was. It was technically possible (although not. IP addresses only. This actually worked to my advantage with any of my previous articles. RAC because it was one less component to. So, why is the use of DNS now a requirement when manually assigning. IP addresses? The answer is. Oracle Clusterware 1. Release 2 requires the use of DNS in order to. SCAN virtual IP address(s). In addition to the requirement of configuring. SCAN virtual IP address in DNS, we will also configure the public and. IP address for all Oracle RAC nodes in DNS for name resolution. If you do not have access to a DNS, instructions will be included. DNS server on the Openfiler network storage server. When using the DNS method for assigning IP addresses, Oracle. IP addresses be manually configured. DNS before starting the Oracle Grid Infrastructure. Single Client Access Name (SCAN) for the Cluster. If you have ever been tasked with extending an Oracle RAC cluster by adding. RAC cluster by removing a node), then you know. SQL*Net. or JDBC configuration to reflect the new or deleted node. To address this problem, Oracle 1. Release 2 introduced a new. Single Client Access Name or SCAN for short. SCAN is a new feature that provides a single host name for clients to. Oracle Database running in a cluster. Clients using SCAN. TNS configuration if you add or remove nodes in the cluster. The SCAN resource and its associated IP address(s) provide a stable name. You will be asked to provide the host name. SCAN name in this document) and up to three IP addresses. SCAN resource during the interview phase of the. Oracle Grid Infrastructure installation. For high availability and scalability, Oracle recommends that you. SCAN name for round- robin resolution to three IP addresses. At a minimum, the SCAN must resolve to at least one address. The SCAN virtual IP name is similar to the names used for a node's. IP address, such as racnode. However. unlike a virtual IP, the SCAN is associated with the entire cluster.
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AD: Rome destroys the kingdom of Palmyra (Syria). AD: the Lakhmids of Hira (on the Euphrates) are vassals of the Sassanids. Aramaic- speaking Nabataeans (Jordan) develop the Arabic script. Qusayy, husband of the daughter of the king of Mecca, unifies the Quraysh tribe and founds a city around the shrine of Mecca. Persian king Firuz persecutes Jews, who emigrate to Arabia. Arabia is ruled by a Jewish kingdom. ![]() Arabia is ruled by the Kinda. Arabs of Najran (southern Arabia) convert to Christianity. Mundhir III becomes king of the Lakhmids of Hira. First recorded inscription in Arabic. Jewish Himyarite king of Yemen persecutes the Christians, which ask the Ethiopians for help. Himyarites defeat the Ethiopians and massacre the Christians of Najran. Jewish king Dhu Nuwas of Yemen dies and Yemen becomes an Ethiopian (Christian) colony. Harith ibn 'Amr (Arethas) king of Kinda dies. Abyssinian general Abreha proclaims himself king of southern Arabia. Mundhir III is defeated by the Byzantine phylarch Ghassanid Harith IV ibn Jabala. Christian Ethiopia tries to capture Mecca but is defeated by the Arabs. The Sassanians expel the Ethiopians and Yemen becomes a Sassanid province under Chrosroes II. At the age of 2. 5 Muhammad (Mohammed) marries his wealthy employer, the 4. Khadija. 6. 02: the Lakhmid dynasty of Hira ends. Kaaba is erected in Mecca, a granite cube to enclose a black meteorite stone, a shrine to numerous Arabian tribal gods. Muhammad (Mohammed) of the Quraysh family preaches a new religion, Islam, in Mecca, which is at the time a model of religious tolerance (all gods are allowed). Muslims travel to Ethiopia. Mohammed and his followers ("Muslims") migrate ("heijra") to Yathrib, which is renamed Medina. Mohammed (in his fifties) marries Aisha, a six- year old child, one of his many wives. Mohammed kills 7. Jews of the tribe of Qurayza. Yemen converts to Islam. Mohammed, head of the state of Medina, signs a treaty with the Quraish state of Mecca. Mohammed wins the battle of Khaybar and beheads all the Jews. Mohammed's army conquers Mecca and establish the first religious dictatorship in the world, banning all other gods. The Muslim army conquers the Arabian peninsula. Mohammed delivers his last sermon on Mount Arafat. Mohammed dies having created a kingdom in the central Arabian peninsula. The Shiites, or Partisans of Ali, claim that Ali should succeed Mohammed based on blood relation, but the council of the elderly (Sunnites) choses instead Abu Bakr. Abu Bakr, one of Mohammed's followers and the first Muslim caliph ("prophet's successor"), quells upheavals throughout Arabia and declares war on the Roman (Byzantine) and Persian (Sassanid) empires. Abu Bakr conquers southern Mesopotamia. Abu Bakr defeats Byzantium in Palestine. Abu Bakr is succeeded by Umar ibn Abn Khattab. The Arabs defeat the Byzantine army at Yarmuk and capture Jerusalem. The Arabs win the battle of Qadisiya, capture Seleucia- Ctesiphon and the Sassanid empire ends. Arabs conquer Jerusalem, welcomed by Christian patriarch Sophronius, and expel the Jews. Arabs conquer Syria (mainly Nestorian) from Byzantium. Arabs conquer Egypt (mainly monophysite) from Byzantium, destroy the library of Alexandria and found the first mosque in Africa, Amr Ebn El Aas Mosque (the site of future Cairo). Oldest extant manuscript in Arabic (with disambiguation dots). Umar is murdered and is succeeded by Uthman ibn Affan, a Quraysh. Arabs expand in nothern Africa. Arabs attack Byzantium on the sea and conquer Cyprus. Arabs conquer the whole of Persia. Youstol Dispage Fromscaruffi dies. Quran/Koran is finalized. Uthman is murdered and is succeeded by Ali (cousin and son- in- law of Mohammed), the first "imam" of Shiah (and only one to become also caliph), who moves the capital from Medina to Kufa. Ali is murdered and is succeeded as caliph by Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, first of the Umayyads and first caliph not to be an early follower of Mohammed, and by Hasan as imam. Mu'awiya moves the capital to Damascus (in Syria rather than Arabia) and creates an army of paid mercenaries. Ziyad ibn Abihi is appointed governor of Iraq (Basra) and the former Sassanid provinces. Arabs conquer Afghanistan. Hasan dies and Hussein becomes imam. Arabs led by Uqba ibn Nafi fight the Berbers in northern Africa. Arabs found Qayrawan in Tunisia. Arabs attack Byzantium. Arabs are defeated from Byzantium. Mu'awiya dies and the shiite pretendent to the Caliphate, Husayn/Hussein, Ali's son and Mohammed's grandson, is assassinated by sunnite troops of Mu'awiya's son Yazid in Karbala. Abd Malik becomes caliph and introduces administrative reforms (Arabic language as the official language, coins with Islamic verses). Caliph Abd al- Malik builds the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. Hajjaj ibn Yusuf captures Mecca and ends the anti- caliphate of Abdallah ibn Zubayr (shiite). Arabs build the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem (with the first inscription from the Koran). Arabic becomes the official language of the Islamic world. Arabs force the Persians to abandon the Pahlavi alphabet in favor of the Arabic script. Arabs recapture Carthage and found Tunis. Hasan Basri preaches virtue, mortification, prayer, purity of heart to attain knowledge of God. Walid I. 7. 08: Arabs led by Musa ibn- Nusayr conquer Tangiers (Morocco) and subdue the Berbers. Qutayba ibn Muslim invades Central Asia (Merv, Bukhara, Samarkand). TM, ® Copyright ©2. Piero Scaruffi All rights reserved. Al Aqsa mosque is built in Jerusalem. Damascus. 7. 11: Tariq ibn Ziyad conquers southern Spain from the Visigoths of king Roderic (with help from the Jews) and Cordoba becomes the residence of the Arab governor. Berber army under Tariq ibn Ziyad conquers southern Spain from the Visigoths and Cordoba becomes the residence of the Arab governor. Bukhara, which will become the second holiest city in Islam after Mecca. Sulayman besieges Byzantium. Aleppo. 7. 12: the Arabs, led by Kutayba ben Muslim, conquer Transoxania and convert the Turks to Islam. Qutayba dies and Muslim expansion in Central Asia comes to an end. The Arabs lay siege to Byzantium. Byzantium repels the Arab invasion. Arabs capture Narbonne. Zayids do not recognize the imam Baqir and cause a split within the shiites. Arabs capture Carcassonne. Hisham attacks the Franks at Tours and Poitiers. Muslim invasion of Europe is stopped by the Franks at the battle of Tours. Arabs capture Provence. Shias of Yemen split from the main Shia tradition claiming that Zayd was the rightful fifth imam instead of Muhammad al Baqir. Abu 'l- 'Abbas Saffah, whose army is led by the Persian general Abu Muslim Khorasani, replaces the Umayyad dynasty with the Abbasid dynasty. Arabs defeat the Chinese at the battle of the Talas River, which de facto closes the Silk Road. Arabs acquire the knowledge of paper from the Chinese (first paper mill in the Islamic world founded in Samarkand). Franks under Pippin expel the Arabs from Provence. The last surviving member of the Umayyad dynasty flees to Spain, Hisham's grandson, establishing himself as Cabd al- Rahman I of Spain, which becomes a separate emirate. Ibadis believe that that the most worthy person should be imam and found an imamate in Oman. Muslim army is expelled from France. Islails do not recognize the seventh imam Musa Kazim and cause another split within the shiites. The ascetic Abd Rustam founds a theocratic kingdom in central Algeria with capital in Tihert/ Tahert. Salih ibn Tarif proclaims himself a prophet, writes a religious book in Berber language, and founds a Berber kingdom in central Morocco for the Barghwata people. Abbasid caliph Al- Mansur moves the capital from Damascus to Baghdad, built near the old Sassanid capital, Ctesiphon. Al- Mansur dies. 7. Ibadis form an imamate in western Algeria with capital in Tahart. Charlemagne attacks the Muslims and invades northeastern Spain but is defeated. Great Mosque at Cordoba. Harun Rashid becomes the fifth Abbasid caliph, a protector of scientists and scholars. Idris, a descendants of Ali and Fatima, founds the Idrisid dynasty in Morocco with capital in Volubilis. Idris, a descendant of Ali, conquers Morocco and founds the Idrisid dynasty. Palpatine | Wookieepedia | FANDOM powered by Wikia. Palpatine. Hair color. Skin color. Palpatine, also known as Darth Sidious, was a Force- sensitive. Humanmale who served as the last Supreme Chancellor of the Galactic Republic and the first Emperor of the Galactic Empire. A Dark Lord of the Sith in the Order of the Sith Lords, recorded by history as the most powerful who had ever lived, his entire life was the culmination of a thousand- yearplan to overthrow the Republic and the Jedi Order from within. Born in 8. 2 BBY on the planet. Naboo to the aristocratic House Palpatine, Palpatine discovered the Sith at a young age as a collector of dark side artifacts. In 6. 5 BBY, he met Hego Damask, a Muun businessman who was in reality the Sith Lord. Darth Plagueis. Under Plagueis's manipulation, Palpatine killed his father and pledged himself to his new Master'sdark side teachings as Darth Sidious. Palpatine lived a double life for many years, serving an untarnished career as Naboo's ambassador in the Galactic Senate while learning from his master and training a young Zabrak as the Sith assassin. Darth Maul. Plagueis and Sidious, both exceptionally skilled and powerful in the Force, were able to conceal their identities from the Jedi for decades. As Plagueis privately searched for the key to eternal life, Sidious manipulated galactic politics, culminating in the blockade of Naboo by the Trade Federation. In the wake of the political crisis, the Galactic Senate voted to elect him as Supreme Chancellor, and around the same time, in accordance with Bane's Rule of Two, Palpatine murdered Plagueis and usurped the role of Sith Master. As Chancellor of the Republic and Dark Lord of the Sith, Palpatine orchestrated the outbreak of the devastating Clone Warsten years after the Naboo Crisis. He himself headed both the Galactic Republic and, secretly, the Confederacy of Independent Systems. The public leader of this splinter faction was former Jedi Master. Count. Dooku, Sidious' second apprentice as Darth Tyranus in the wake of Maul's presumed death on Naboo. As billions perished in the war, the vast majority of Republic citizens rallied behind Chancellor Palpatine, giving him enough support to amend the Galactic Constitution in the name of security and transfer most of the Senate's executive authority to his own office. In 1. 9 BBY, following Tyranus's demise, Palpatine revealed his identity as Darth Sidious to the Jedi Knight. Anakin Skywalker, telling that the dark side teachings that Plagueis had pursued could help Skywalker to save his wife, whom Skywalker had foreseen dying untimely. A failed attempt by the Jedi High Council to arrest Palpatine ensued, and Skywalker pledged himself to Sidious's teachings as Darth Vader. All members of the Jedi Order were accused of treason and betrayed by their clone troopers to the point of virtual extermination. Without the Jedi to oppose him, Palpatine declared himself Emperor of the first Galactic Empire, bringing an end to the Republic that had stood for over 2. As Emperor, Palpatine effectively wielded absolute control over the entire galaxy and virtually everyone who lived within it. During his tenure, he built one of the most powerful military forces the galaxy had ever seen and ruled unopposed for nearly two decades. Palpatine progressively abandoned his facade of being an enlightened leader and began to rule through terror symbolized by the Death Star, a superweapon that could annihilate entire planets. However, he later discovered that Vader was training Galen Marek, an exceptionally powerful Force adept as a secret apprentice "Starkiller." When Palpatine discovered Starkiller's existence in 3 BBY, he forced Vader to fake Starkiller's death and then request that Starkiller assemble the most influential traitors in the Empire in a rebellion in order to highlight and destroy them all. Palpatine's plan backfired when Starkiller, healed from his near- fatal injuries and espousing the teachings of the light side, vowed revenge against Palpatine and confronted him on the Death Star, ultimately sacrificing himself in an act that inspired the dissident senators to create the Alliance to Restore the Republic. As the Galactic Civil War broke out, Emperor Palpatine ironically fought against a rebellion that he started in secret. After the Empire suffered a devastating defeat in 0 BBY, in which the Alliance destroyed the Death Star, the Emperor steadily began to lose his absolute control over the galaxy. In 4 ABY, Palpatine gambled his chances in order to annihilate the Rebel Alliance once and for all, allowing Rebel spies to learn of the existence of a second Death Star and its secret location near Endor. As expected, the Alliance fell for the bait and dispatched its fleet to destroy the Emperor, Vader, and the incomplete Death Star. With the Alliance soon falling for his trap, Palpatine brought Luke Skywalker, the son of Darth Vader, before him in order to turn him over to the dark side and replace Vader with an apprentice who was younger and more powerful. After goading Skywalker to give into his frustrations with thoughts of the Alliance's defeat and the death of his friends, Palpatine eagerly watched as father and son fought one another. However, Skywalker refused to submit to the dark side and spared his father, prompting Palpatine to unleash all of his rage and hatred on Skywalker. Unwilling to stand by and watch his son die from the agonizing effects of Palpatine's Force lightning, Vader finally redeemed himself, throwing his astonished Master down the Death Star's shaft, a sacrifice that fulfilled the prophecy of the Chosen One and brought about the end of the Order of the Sith Lords. Throughout the rest of the Galactic Civil War, the remnants of the Empire experienced a sharp decline while the Alliance reformed itself into the New Republic. However, Palpatine did not stay dead, and eventually used a rare and ancient Force technique to transfer his spirit into one of many clone bodies stored on the Deep Core world of Byss. In 1. 0 ABY, Emperor Palpatine resurfaced in the galaxy in a bid to rebuild his Empire, temporarily converting Luke Skywalker to the dark side and installing him as his apprentice. Palpatine's efforts to live forever, however, were undermined by subversives within his own inner circle, including his Royal Guard. Carnor Jax. With the last supplies of healthy clone bodies sabotaged and their genetic source material contaminated by his allies, Palpatine desperately tried to take over the body of Darth Vader's youngest grandchild, the infant Anakin Solo, in 1. ABY. Palpatine's spirit, however, was intercepted by the dying Jedi Knight Empatojayos Brand, who dragged the Sith Lord down into the depths of the Force forever. Biography. Early life"I haven't rejected the dynasty I was born into. I've rejected the name I was given."―Palpatine to Hego Damask[src]Palpatine was born on Naboo, the eldest son of the House Palpatine's patriarch Cosinga and his wife. He was raised in his family's ancestral home, Convergence, situated in Naboo's Lake Country, and had at least twobrothers and twosisters.[1]From an early age, Palpatine identified himself as different from his peers and siblings, recognizing a great power within himself, and believing that he was born to lead, which led to an uneasy relationship with his family. His father also perceived his eldest son as different, and would later claim to have divined his murderous nature from the time the latter was an infant. At some point early in Palpatine's life, Cosinga had his son tested to make certain that they were related. Until the end of his life, however, Palpatine's true nature would remain a mystery to his father.[1]Intelligent and highly ambitious, Palpatine desired his family to take on a more active role in Naboo's politics, both to increase their own wealth and power, and also to help their homeworld make the transition into the modern galaxy. He was soon disappointed to learn that he was alone in this ambition, and that his father not only lacked the ability to improve his family's standing, but also arrogantly believed he had all the power there was to be gained. Cosinga's political ambitions never exceeded provincial Naboo—father and son attended two coronations in the capitalcity of Theed, and for years to come Palpatine would remember Cosinga's envy for the power the monarch wielded. “We use the image and the dot pattern to push through neural networks to create a mathematical model of your face,” Apple’s Phil Schiller explained. When there is an archaeological find, earth has to be carefully removed to expose buried artefacts or building structures. Excluding nearby volcanic disasters, what. Breaking science and technology news from around the world. Exclusive stories and expert analysis on space, technology, health, physics, life and Earth. Extremely Unruly Goat Smashes Office Glass Door, Comes Back for Seconds. A goat that was extremely bored, ornery, or both decided to smash in the front door of polyurethane manufacturer Argonics Inc.’s Colorado office this weekend, and the mystery may have gone unsolved were it not for the company’s surveillance system. Argonics uploaded video to You. Tube of the goat’s July 1. ![]() 3d Software Object Model Ler Program Mutations In GenesMonday, writing its staff was initially confused to discover nothing was stolen. But camera footage revealed the interloper to be none other than one real jerk of a goat who casually busted through one window, ran away, then decided—in what appeared to be a spirit of pure malevolence—that he didn’t like the way the other one looked, either. According to Denver broadcaster KUSA, said goat was accompanied by several accomplices, meaning there may be an entire flock out there, just ready to ruin some place of business’s day.[You. Tube via Reddit]. ![]() The Changing and Terrifying Nature of the New Cyber- Warfare. I. Battlespace. Their eyeballs felt it first. A wall of 1. 04- degree air hit the cyber- security analysts as they descended from the jets that had fetched them, on a few hours’ notice, from Europe and the United States. They were in Dhahran, in eastern Saudi Arabia, a small, isolated city that is the headquarters of the world’s largest oil company, Saudi aramco. The group included representatives of Oracle, IBM, Crowd. Strike, Red Hat, Mc. Afee, Microsoft, and several smaller private firms—a SWAT dream team for the virtual realm. They came to investigate a computer- network attack that had occurred on August 1. Muslim holy day called Lailat al Qadr, “the Night of Power.” Technically the attack was crude, but its geopolitical implications would soon become alarming. The data on three- quarters of the machines on the main computer network of Saudi aramco had been destroyed. Hackers who identified themselves as Islamic and called themselves the Cutting Sword of Justice executed a full wipe of the hard drives of 3. For good measure, as a kind of calling card, the hackers lit up the screen of each machine they wiped with a single image, of an American flag on fire. A few technical details of the attack eventually emerged into the press. Aboard the U. S. S. ![]() Intrepid, in New York Harbor, Defense Secretary Leon Panetta told a group of C. E. O.’s that the aramco hack was “probably the most destructive attack that the private sector has seen to date.” Technical experts conceded the attack’s effectiveness but scorned its primitive technique. It wrote over memory five, six times,” one hacker told me. O. K., it works, but it’s not sophisticated.” Even so, many current and former government officials took account of the brute force on display and shuddered to think what might have happened if the target had been different: the Port of Los Angeles, say, or the Social Security Administration, or O’Hare International Airport. Holy shit, one former national- security official recalls thinking—pick any network you want, and they could do this to it. Just wipe it clean. In the immediate aftermath of the attack, as forensic analysts began work in Dhahran, U. S. officials half a world away gathered in the White House Situation Room, where heads of agencies speculated about who had attacked aramco and why, and what the attackers might do next. Cutting Sword claimed that it acted in revenge for the Saudi government’s support of “crimes and atrocities” in countries such as Bahrain and Syria. But officials gathered at the White House could not help wondering if the attack was payback from Iran, using America’s Saudi ally as a proxy, for the ongoing program of cyber- warfare waged by the U. S. and Israel, and probably other Western governments, against the Iranian nuclear program. When the history of cyber- warfare comes to be written, its first sentence may go something like this: “Israel gave the United States an ultimatum.” For a number of years, intelligence reports intermittently indicated that Iran was getting closer to building a nuclear bomb, which the Israeli leadership views as an existential threat. In 2. 00. 4, Israel gave Washington a wish list of weapons and other capabilities it wanted to acquire. Essential Sessions beneficial to all delegates. Depth Sessions shall be deep dives into a topic. These sessions require participants already possess foundational. The list—for various kinds of hardware but also for items such as aerial transmission codes, so that Israeli jets could overfly Iraq without having to worry about being shot down by U. S. warplanes—left little doubt that Israel was planning a military attack to stop Iran’s nuclear progress. President George W. Bush regarded such action as unacceptable, while acknowledging that diplomacy and economic sanctions had failed to change Iran’s mind. Intelligence and defense officials offered him a possible third way—a program of cyber- operations, mounted with the help of Israel and perhaps other allies, that would attack Iran’s nuclear program surreptitiously and at the very least buy some time. As with the drone program, the Obama administration inherited this plan, embraced it, and has followed through in a major way. Significant cyber- operations have been launched against Iran, and the Iranians have certainly noticed. It may be that these operations will eventually change minds in Tehran. But the aramco attack suggests that, for the moment, the target may be more interested in shooting back, and with weapons of a similar kind. Cyberspace is now a battlespace. But it’s a battlespace you cannot see, and whose engagements are rarely deduced or described publicly until long after the fact, like events in distant galaxies. Knowledge of cyber- warfare is intensely restricted: almost all information about these events becomes classified as soon as it is discovered. The commanding generals of the war have little to say. Michael Hayden, who was director of the C. I. A. when some of the U. S. cyber- attacks on Iran reportedly occurred, declined an interview request with a one- line e- mail: “Don’t know what I would have to say beyond what I read in the papers.” But with the help of highly placed hackers in the private sector, and of current and former officials in the military and intelligence establishments and the White House, it is possible to describe the outbreak of the world’s first known cyber- war and some of the key battles fought so far. II. Flame, Mahdi, Gauss‘I needed to come up with something cool for self- promotion at conferences,” Wes Brown recalls. The year was 2. 00. Brown, a hacker who is deaf and has cerebral palsy, started a business called Ephemeral Security with a colleague named Scott Dunlop. Banks and other corporations hired Ephemeral to hack their networks and steal information, then tell them how to keep bad guys from doing the same thing. So Brown and Dunlop spent a lot of time dreaming up ingenious break- ins. ![]() Sometimes they used those ideas to boost their street cred and advertise their business by making presentations at elite hacker conferences—elaborate festivals of one- upmanship involving some of the greatest technical minds in the world. At a Dunkin’ Donuts coffee shop in Maine, Brown and Dunlop started brainstorming, and what they produced was a tool for attacking networks and gathering information in penetration tests—which also amounted to a revolutionary model for espionage. By July of that year, the two men completed writing a program called Mosquito.
Not only did Mosquito hide the fact that it was stealing information, but its spy methods could be updated, switched out, and re- programmed remotely through an encrypted connection back to a command- and- control server—“the equivalent of in- flight drone repair,” Brown explains. In 2. 00. 5 the unveiling of Mosquito was one of the most popular presentations at the prestigious hacker conference known as Def Con, in Las Vegas. Many U. S. military and intelligence officials attend Def Con and have been doing so for years. As early as the 1. U. S. government was openly discussing cyber- war. Reportedly, in 2. Gulf War, the Pentagon proposed freezing Saddam Hussein’s bank accounts, but the Treasury secretary, John W. Snow, vetoed the cyber- strike, arguing that it would set a dangerous precedent that could result in similar attacks on the U. S. and de- stabilize the world economy. To this day, the Treasury Department participates in decisions concerning offensive cyber- warfare operations that could have an impact on U. S. financial institutions or the broader economy.) After 9/1. As Iran seemed to move closer to building a nuclear weapon, the pressure increased even more. As Wes Brown recalls, none of the government types in the audience said a word to him after his Mosquito presentation at Def Con. None that I could identify as government types, at least,” he adds, with a chuckle. But about two years later, probably in 2. Flame appeared in Europe and eventually spread to thousands of machines in the Middle East, mostly in Iran. Like Mosquito, Flame included modules that could, through an encrypted connection to a command- and- control server, be updated, switched out, and re- programmed remotely—just like in- flight drone repair. The Flame software offered a very full bag of tricks. One module secretly turned on the victim’s microphone and recorded everything it could hear. Another collected architectural plans and design schematics, looking for the inner workings of industrial installations. Kotaku. It’s cake versus ice cream for Splatoon 2's first Splatfest and we’re streaming all the fun live on our Twitch channel. Come and join the mayhem! You can watch a saved recording of the stream below. Free Sheet Music Public Domain. Online since 1. 99. Now in our 1. 5th yearrecommending the best sounding arrangements in print! All free downloads, including children's songs, educational resources for teachers, ear training tests, interval recognition worksheets, note spellers, staff paper, etc. Enjoy! Sources for the pieces on this page are from collections we have found, with copyrights in the late 1. Simple. Clean. Easy. Relaxing Free Piano Sheet Music environment, and much more. Try something different. Beginners and Maestros will enjoy this coffee break for. ![]() Please remember that in order to be freely used, the source for public domain music must also be in the public domain. In other words, you cannot take a new collection of old songs and use it, as the collection is copyright to the publisher, even though the music is public domain. Downloads on this page are free. But, please visit our recommended easy piano pages on the following drop- down menu. These are selected collections, most are not overly expensive, and all are reviewed by Dr. Vaga before being included on their respective web pages: - We do need to make a living - please feed the musicians once in awhile! Click this menu bar and scroll down to find your specific category(Piano Benches and Supplies)- - Piano Stools- - Bench Cushions- - Caster Cups- - Tuning Supplies, etc.- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Band - Essential Elements. Band - Marching Band. CD Sheet Music. Christian - Contemporary Christian. Christian - Contemporary Christian - Artists. Christian - Contemporary Christian - Piano (organ, keyboard)Christian - Contemporary Christian - Piano/Vocal. Christian - Contemporary Christian - Vocal Solo with CD / CD- ROM / Solo Instrumental / misc. Christian - Fred Bock Publications. Christmas - Artist and Performer Collections. Classroom Musicals and Tchg. Ideas . K- 8. Closer Look LOOK INSIDEComputer - Software - MIDI - and related. Drums - Percussion. EKM (Electronic Keyboard Music)EZ Play Today. Fake Books. Fretted Instruments - (non guitar)Guitar - Classical. Guitar - Easy Guitar. Guitar - EZ Play Beginning Guitar. Guitar - Fingerstyle. Guitar - Instruction. Guitar - Jam Session. ![]() Guitar - Personality. Guitar - Sheets. Guitar - Strum It Guitar. Guitar with CD Play Along. Guitar: Artist Collections and Various. Guitar: Bass Guitar. Guitar: Transcriptions Note- for- note advanced. Henle Urtext Complete Edition Series BEETHOVENHenle Urtext Editions.
As of Dec. 2. 00. All titles in stock. Homespun Books Videos and DVDInstrumental Instruction. Instrumental Misc. Instrumental Solo - Popular. Jazz Ensemble- Jazz Band- Jazz Combo. Jazz Play Along Series - Clarinet,Trumpet,Sax, etc. Karaoke. Lyrics. Manuscript Paper Blank Staff Paper. Misc. Products. Music Minus One. Opera. Orchestra - String Orchestra. Orchestra Musician's CD- ROM Library. Organ. Outstanding Books Technique Reference Biographies. Piano - Classical - All. Piano - Classical - C. F. Peters Complete Catalog. Piano - Classical - Composer. Piano - Classical - World's Best Series. Piano - Classical and Other - Easier through Intermediate. Piano - Easy Country. Piano - Easy Piano. Piano - Easy Piano - Five Finger. Piano - Easy Piano Sheets. Piano - Individual Sheets. Piano - Instruction. Piano - Lee Evans. Piano - Piano with CD (Play- Along Series)Piano - Popular - Artists. Piano - Popular - Mixed. Piano - Popular - Solo and Jazz. Piano Duets 1p. 4h. Piano Duets 2p. 4h (two- piano)Piano Method. Piano Method - Alfred. Piano Method - Hal Leonard. Piano Method Pace. Piano Technique. Piano/Vocal/Guitar - Artists. Piano/Vocal/Guitar - Country. Piano/Vocal/Guitar - Sheets. Piano/Vocal/Guitar - Various. PVG Piano With CD Play Along. SALE MUSICSchott Catalog. Transcriptions. Videos CDs DVDs - Educational - Entertaining - Misc. Vocal - All. Vocal - Instruction. Vocal Scores. Vocal Selections. Vocal Solo With CDVocal Solo With CD - Children & Teens. Wedding Music. What's New - Easy Piano. What's New - Personality. What's New - Piano/Vocal/Guitar Mixed. What's New - Transcriptions and Scores. Yamaha - Clavisoft. Yamaha - Cue Time. Yamaha - Disk Orchestra. Yamaha - DOC - XGYamaha - Pianosoft. Yamaha - Pianosoft - Sync. Yamaha - Pianosoft Plus Audio. Yamaha - Singles. Yamaha - Starlight. OK. . . enough with the sales hype! Please enjoy the below free sheet music downloads! For free downloadable children's songs, note spellers, misc. Note: References to "Registered Users" that you will see on the "view" pages below should be disregarded. We no longer charge anything for downloads, and no one needs to register!! The actual downloadable pages are clean - - there are no annoying notices on the downloadable pages. View. J. S. Bach Minuet in D Minor. View J. S. Bach Minuet in G Major Pg. Pg. 2. View J. S. Bach March in D Major Pg. Pg. 2. View J. S. Bach Bouree. View J. S. Bach Little Prelude in CView "Dancing the Jig" by Carl Czerny. View "Arabesque". Friedrich Burgmüller. View "Andantino" by Kohler. View "Rondino" by Rameau. View "Für Elise" by Beethoven. View "Sonata in A Major" (theme) by Mozart. View "Rondo A La Turc" - - (from last mvt. Sonata in A Major)If the music above is at about your level, then I know of one huge classical music collection that will knock your socks off! It's the "Library of Easy Piano Classics" (there are two volumes in the series) and it is one of the only collections of easy classics that I recommend. Excellent arrangements (that's kinda important, eh?), perfect clarity on the page, spiral binding, and contains some impossible to find pieces! We sell more of this series than any music store in the country, and all the feedback agrees - - it's excellent! This high pressure ad (grin!) sincerely provided by - R Vaga, the head honcho guy. Sheet Music Online - HOME Piano and Music Supplies. Piano benches by Jansen, piano stools, keyboard benches, caster cups, piano tuning supplies, etc. The Music Racks. Downloads music education resources and public domain piano music. We have a new, related web site where everything listed is in stock! Over 7. 0,0. 00 items, the only source on the Internet where you can be assured that what you order. Click the below link for Sheet Music In Stock: Sheet. Music. In. Stock. Problems, Questions, Suggestions? Email to: Dr. Rein P. Free Piano Sheet Music. Here we are, at the Free Piano Sheet Music page. It's important to highlight, before we continue, that we don't have everything under the sun. But we. have some unusual music, all in tune with a nice coffee. And we plan to keep adding more and more over time.. Whenever possible, sheet music will be just one click away. Please relax, and enjoy the ride! To download the file (and open it for immediate view and print), just click on the free piano sheet music file name below. Adobe Reader will open another window, and display the sheet music on the screen. To print it, just click on the little "printer" icon on the top left corner of the displayed sheet music. Oh yes. don't forget to turn on your printer! To save it, just click on the "save" icon (next to the "printer" icon), on the top left corner of the displayed sheet music. Simple. Clean. Easy. The free piano sheet music format is PDF. If you don't have Adobe Reader, necessary to read PDF files, click on the icon. Here They Are: Your Free Piano Sheet Music. Free Classical Sheet Music. For most, Classical Music is how the love affair with the piano started. If you either need a break. Classical! Free Popular Sheet Music. Popular, Pop, Rock, Jazz, Blues, Contemporary. Simply put, anything that doesn't fit on other voices, try here! Free Christian Sheet Music. As a great start, try the 1. Psalms from the Bible. We'll be expanding over time, of course! Free Christmas Sheet Music. The best in Free Christmas Sheet Music for piano, from around the world. Free Patriotic Sheet Music. In this Free Patriotic Sheet Music page you'll find piano scores in PDF. One click away, ready to be printed. Free Piano Collection for Beginners. A fantastic Collection of 1. Classical pieces, graded from 1 to 4. Follow them in the order presented. P. S.: By the way, do we really know the. History of these. An enjoyable reading.. 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![]() Quick fix | View PDFs on Web. Choose Help > Repair Adobe Reader Installation. The steps to enable the Adobe PDF plug-in vary depending on your version of. More powerful than other PDF software, Adobe Acrobat Reader DC is the free, trusted standard for viewing, printing, and annotating PDFs. And now, it’s connected to. Every Voting Machine at This Hacking Conference Got Totally Pwned. A noisy cheer went up from the crowd of hackers clustered around the voting machine tucked into the back corner of a casino conference room—they’d just managed to load Rick Astley’s “Never Gonna Give You Up” onto the Win. Vote, effectively rickrolling democracy. The hack was easy to execute. Two of the hackers working on the touchscreen voting machine, who identified only by their first names, Nick and Josh, had managed to install Windows Media Player on the machine and use it to play Astley’s classic- turned- trolling- track. The rickroll stunt was just one hack at the security conference DEF CON, which ran a three- day Voting Machine Hacking Village to test the security of various machines and networks used in US elections. By the end of the weekend, every one of the roughly 3. Even though several of the exploits ended up paying tribute to Astley, they’re not jokes—they also present a serious lesson about the security vulnerabilities in voting machines that leave them open to tampering and manipulation. And the more vulnerable our voting infrastructure is shown to be, the less confidence voters may feel. Adobe is changing the world through digital experiences. Our creative, marketing and document solutions empower everyone — from emerging artists to global brands. How do memory types differ? Here's a quick rundown on where DDR3 came from and what it means for your computer. · Hi Lucius, I'm trying to remember what this version did. You are in the wrong forum at this point. I think Photo Deluxe preceeded Photoshop Elements. InformationWeek.com: News, analysis and research for business technology professionals, plus peer-to-peer knowledge sharing. Engage with our community. The real takeaway is that you can install any software on this,” Nick told Gizmodo. There’s no control.” Nick had simply connected a keyboard to an exposed USB port at the back of the Win. Vote, which was used in elections as recently as 2. The voting village is the brainchild of a who’s- who list of security experts: DEF CON founder Jeff Moss, cryptographer Matt Blaze, computer programmer Harri Hursti (whose hack of Diebold voting machines in 2. Hursti Hack”), and others. Researchers have been uncovering problems with voting systems for more than a decade, but the 2. Now the entire country, and maybe the world, is paying attention. But poll workers and former campaign officials say that their primary security concerns still aren’t with voting machines themselves but with protecting voter registration systems and defending against basic phishing attacks like the ones used to gain entry to the Democratic National Committee’s network. Meet the machines“This is the great Satan,” said Joseph Lorenzo Hall, the chief technologist at the Center for Democracy & Technology, gesturing dismissively at the Win. Vote. The machine contains a cellular modem chip that allows its software to be updated remotely. Unfortunately, it also means that you can log into the damn thing from across the street if you know the right credentials,” Hall explained. What’s hundreds of miles between networked friends?” The Win. Vote was the first machine to fall, with a hacker achieving remote code execution on the machine within the first hours of the village. Win. Votes were decertified by Virginia’s election board in 2. American voting systems are largely cobbled together with antiquated technology. Voting machines can vary by state and county, and have to be certified by the Election Assistance Commission. But other devices, like the electronic poll books used in some jurisdictions to check in voters at their polling stations, aren’t subject to the certification process. Add in the voter registration databases themselves—which were reportedly breached in 3. The machines are mostly new to the hackers at DEF CON. They’re not very much fun, they’re like very boring ATMs,” Hall joked. It’s obvious that election systems aren’t very secure, but it’s important to understand why the security problems exist in the first place, and why they’re so hard to fix. The security industry encourages regular software updates to patch bugs and keep machines as impenetrable as possible. But updating the machines used in voting systems isn’t as easy as installing a patch because the machines are subject to strict certification rules. Any major software update would require the state to redo its certification process. It costs over $1 million to get certified,” Joshua Franklin, a security specialist with the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s cybersecurity and privacy application unit, explained to attendees. Franklin said that even though the Election Assistance Commission’s most recent election security standards were released in 2. The cost breaks down to about $3. Tom Stanionis, an IT manager for a county election agency in California who attended the village in his personal capacity. ![]() Adobe Photoshop Elements Insufficient Memory Or Disk![]() Adobe Photoshop Elements Insufficient Memory To Complete![]() Most states just don’t have the money. What’s hundreds of miles between networked friends?”“The reality is, we’ve known about issues with voting machines for a long time,” Stanionis told Gizmodo. Since purchasing brand new systems is out of the question, Stanionis said most states do their best to protect the systems they have, walling them off from the internet and storing them securely when they’re not being used. The rat king of decentralized state vendors and machines might actually be a good defense during a general election—it would force hackers to successfully target many disparate systems. It would be really hard in most jurisdictions to do anything to affect the voting machines,” Stanionis said. Difficult doesn’t mean impossible, though, and that’s what DEF CON’s hackers have set out to prove. If a hacker tucked away in a corner of a Las Vegas casino can alter a vote count, then surely a nation- state attacker can too. The thing you have to ask about any new technology is, compared with the technology that proceeded it, does this make that threat easier or harder? Does it make us better off or worse off?” Blaze told attendees. Does whatever the technology we’re using make this threat an easier threat or a tougher threat? That’s the question we haven’t really been sharply asking for very long.” Email security and beyond. Robby Mook, the former manager of Hillary Clinton’s presidential campaign, is at DEF CON for the first time, and you can kind of tell—he looks a bit too clean cut for a conference often filled with hoodie- wearing hackers. But he’s got experience being targeted by nation- state hackers that few other attendees can claim. Although hackers were hard at work down the hall figuring out how to alter vote tallies, Mook said he was still mostly worried about getting campaign workers to secure their email accounts with two- factor authentication and stop retaining data for longer than necessary.“It’s much more a matter of culture and education than it is of spending enormous resources,” Mook told Gizmodo. People in the security community know a lot of things instinctually that a campaign professional has never had exposure to, ever.” “Public confidence in elections is what gives government legitimacy.”Mook, along with former Mitt Romney campaign manager Matt Rhoades and former Assistant Secretary of Defense Eric Rosenbach, launched an initiative at Harvard University earlier this summer focused on providing security resources to campaigns and election officials. The Defending Digital Democracy project received a founding investment from Facebook, and executives from the social network as well as Google and Crowd. Strike are helping establish an information sharing organization that will give political committees and campaigns quick access to threat intelligence.“If you pull aside any campaign manager and say, ‘Do you want to get hacked?’ they’d say no,” Mook told DEF CON attendees. If you asked them, ‘Have you done everything you can?’ they’d say, ‘No, but I don’t really know.’” Campaigns, along with voter registration databases, are softer targets for hackers—the events of the last year demonstrate that. And as exciting as it is to tear a voting machine apart, the goal of securing elections might be reached faster through educating election officials about cybersecurity best practices. The voter registration databases are becoming a more obvious target,” Stanionis said. Altering the voter roll to show an incorrect polling location for just a few voters could drastically slow down the voting process for many, he explained. If a voter isn’t believed to be in their correct polling station, she’ll be asked to fill out a provisional ballot, slowing down the line for everyone. Some might get sick of waiting and leave. That’s hacking the election but doesn’t look illegal from the outside,” he said. These kinds of softer attacks strike at public trust in election systems. |
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